Conduct a pre-enumeration survey

Enumeration areas are the geographic unit used for data collection during a census. Comprising the lowest level of the administrative hierarchy, enumeration areas are usually defined based on the number of households they contain. Because new households are built often, it's important to conduct a pre-enumeration survey before a census to verify enumeration area boundaries and, if necessary, create new enumeration areas.

In this tutorial, you'll create and conduct a pre-enumeration survey for a national housing and population census in Zambia. First, you'll create a web map of current enumeration areas for use in the field. Then, you'll create a pre-enumeration survey form in ArcGIS Survey123 Connect and link the survey to your map. Using a mobile app, you'll test the survey by creating an enumeration area. Finally, you'll review your changes online to track the results.

This tutorial was last tested on May 9, 2023, using ArcGIS Survey123 3.17. If you're using a different version of ArcGIS Survey123, you may encounter different functionality and results.

Requirements

• ArcGIS organizational account with a Publisher, Facilitator, or Administrator role in an ArcGIS organization (see options for software access)
• ArcGIS Survey123 Connect
• Microsoft Excel (or similar spreadsheet editor)

Prepare a map

To check and potentially draw new enumeration area boundaries, your mobile workers will need to know the current boundaries. Knowing other administrative boundaries is also useful, because enumeration areas must fit within the administrative hierarchy and be consistent with other geographic units.

To ensure mobile workers have the information they need to conduct a pre-enumeration survey, you'll prepare a map in ArcGIS Online that can be viewed in ArcGIS Survey123 when completing survey questions.

Export the enumeration areas

First, you'll export a feature layer of Lusaka enumeration areas to a local feature collection and republish it to your ArcGIS account.

Note:

This tutorial assumes you already have a dataset of enumeration areas that is ready to be checked in the field. To learn how to digitize enumeration areas from scratch, try the tutorial Edit features to create enumeration areas.

1. Go to the Lusaka Enumeration Areas item on ArcGIS Online.

   This feature layer contains enumeration areas for Lusaka, the capital of Zambia. Because you expect mobile workers to make edits to the enumeration areas, you'll create a copy of the original feature class by exporting and republishing it to your account.

2. On the ribbon, click Sign In.
3. Sign in to your ArcGIS organizational account.

   Note:

   If you don't have an organizational account, see options for software access.

   Next, you'll export the feature layer and republish it to your account.

4. Click Export Data and choose Export to Feature Collection.

   

   The Export to Feature Collection window appears.

5. For Title, add your name or initials to the title.
6. For Tags, type Zambia, census and press Enter. For Summary, type (or copy and paste) Lusaka enumeration areas for use with census pre-enumeration tutorial.

   By default, an option is selected to generalize the features for web display. You want to keep the original features.

7. Choose Keep original features.

   

8. Click Export.

   After a few moments, the data is exported and the details page for Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name) appears. You are the owner of this feature layer.

   Currently, the feature layer isn't published, which means other people won't be able to edit it. Because you intend to have mobile workers edit the layer in the field, you'll publish it.

9. Click Publish.

   

   The New item window appears.

10. For Summary, type (or copy and paste) Lusaka enumeration areas for use with census pre-enumeration tutorial.

    Note:

    If you see a warning that an item with the same title as your feature layer is already available in your folder, you can ignore it.

11. Click Save.

    The feature layer is published and its details page appears. The details page looks similar to the unpublished one, with the main difference being that this page says Feature Layer (hosted) instead of only Feature Layer.

    

    Hosted feature layers differ from regular feature layers in that they're hosted on ArcGIS Online and support several interactive features, including editing, which is essential for your pre-enumeration survey.

    Last, you'll share the hosted feature layer with your organization, so your mobile workers will be able to see it.

12. Click the Share button.

    

    The Share window appears.

13. For Set sharing level, choose Organization. Click Save.

    Now, anyone who is in the same ArcGIS organization as you can access the layer. Anyone outside of your organization cannot access it.

    Tip:

    If you want people outside of your organization to access the layer, set the sharing level to Everyone.

Create a map

Next, you'll add your hosted feature layer to a map and change its appearance. Mobile workers will view this map on their mobile devices in conjunction with the pre-enumeration survey to see enumeration area boundaries and other important geographic information.

1. Click Open in Map Viewer.

   Note:

   Depending on your organization's settings, Open in Map Viewer Classic may be the default option for the button. If so, click Open in Map Viewer.

   

   The hosted feature layer is added to a new map.

   

   The feature layer includes enumeration areas for Lusaka, the capital of Zambia. For a national census you would use enumeration area data that covers the whole country, but for this tutorial the data is limited to a small section of Zambia.

   The map also includes a basemap that displays reference information. The default basemap for most organizations is Topographic, which emphasizes topographic information such as elevation. Enumeration areas are based on housing and administrative boundaries, so you'll change the basemap to one that emphasizes those things.

2. On the Contents (dark) toolbar, click Basemap.

   

   The Basemap pane appears.

3. Scroll through the list of basemaps and click OpenStreetMap.

   

   The basemap changes. Next, you'll change the style, or appearance, of the enumeration areas. Currently they have a transparent blue fill that partially obstructs the basemap. You'll change the style so they only have outlines, with no fill. You'll also change the outline color to pink, so the boundaries stand out.

4. On the Contents toolbar, click Layers.

   

   The Layers pane appears.

5. In the Layers pane, confirm that the Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name) layer is selected.

   When the layer is selected, the Properties pane appears with options relevant to the layer.

6. In the Properties pane, under Symbology, click Edit layer style.

   

   The Styles pane appears. The default drawing style is Location (single symbol), which means that each enumeration area has the same style.

7. Under Location (single symbol), click Style options.

   

8. For Symbol style, click the edit button.

   

   A pane appears with options for fill and outline color.

9. For Fill color, click the No color button.

   

   The fill color of the features on the map is removed, showing only the feature outlines.

10. For Outline color, click the edit button. In the Select color window, for Hex, type e03b99.

    

11. Click Done.
12. For Outline width, choose 1.

    

13. In the Style options pane, click Done. In the Styles pane, click Done.

    The changes are saved.

    

    Now, the enumeration areas don't hide the basemap.

Add labels

Each enumeration area has a unique code to identify it. This code is included in the attributes of the feature layer, but it would be useful to mobile workers if they could see the code on the map. You'll label the enumeration areas with their code.

1. In the Layers pane, confirm that Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name) is selected. On the Settings (light) toolbar, click Labels.

   

   The Label features pane appears.

2. Click Add label class.

   

   Labels are added to the map, showing the name of the district for each enumeration area. You'll change what the label shows.

3. For Label field, click District Name.

   

   The Replace field pane appears.

4. In the list of fields, select EA Code and click Replace.

   The labels change from showing the district name to showing the enumeration area code, which is a string of 12 integers.

   You'll also change the label style.

5. In the Label features pane, for Label style, click Edit label style.

   

   The Label style pane appears. Because this map will be viewed on mobile devices with smaller screens, you'll decrease the size of the label to prevent the labels from crowding each other. You'll also change the label color to match the color of the enumeration areas.

6. For Size, set the size to 8. For Color, set the color to #e03b99.

   

7. Close the Label style pane.

   Even with smaller labels, the labels crowd each other when viewed at the full extent of the data. You'll change the label's visible range so that labels are only visible when the user is zoomed in.

8. In the Label features pane, for Visible range, adjust the slider handles so that the range spans from Streets to Room.

   

   At the full extent of the data, the labels disappear.

9. On the map, zoom in until you can see the labels.

   

   Now, it's more clear which enumeration area each label belongs to.

10. On the map, click the Default map view button.

    

    You return to the default map extent.

Change layer properties

You'll change some final properties of the enumeration areas layer before you save the map and share it with your organization. First, you'll change the visible range of the enumeration areas, similar to how you changed the visible range of the labels.

1. In the Layers pane, confirm that Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name) is selected. On the Settings toolbar, click Properties.

   

   The Properties pane appears.

2. If necessary, scroll down to Visible range.

   Currently, the enumeration areas aren't visible if users are zoomed to the highest zoom level.

3. Drag the right slider so that the visible range is from Counties to Room.

   

4. Close the Properties pane.

   You'll also rename the enumeration areas layer to remove your name or initials.

5. In the Layers pane, for Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name), click the Options button and choose Rename.

   

6. For Title, replace the text with Lusaka Enumeration Areas and click OK.

   Your map is finished. You'll save it and share it with your organization.

7. On the Contents toolbar, click Save and open and choose Save as.

   

8. In the Save map window, set the following parameters:
   • For Title, type Enumeration Areas for Zambia Census.
   • For Tags, type Lusaka, population census.
   • For Summary, type (or copy and paste) Enumeration area boundaries on OpenStreetMap basemap for use in Zambia pre-enumeration survey.
9. Click Save.
10. On the Contents toolbar, click Share map.

    

11. In the Share window, for Set sharing level, choose Organization. Click Save.

Take your map offline

Because mobile workers cover a large area on foot, your map and survey is likely to be used in areas without an internet connection. You'll need to package your map so users can download it to their device and work offline.

Note:

Offline maps are only available in the Survey123 field app, not the Survey123 web app. The web app is intended to be used while connected to the internet.

1. On the Contents toolbar, click Map Properties.

   

2. At the bottom of the Map properties pane, click Item details.

   

   The map's details page appears in a new browser tab. To take your web map offline, you must turn on the sync capability for any feature layers in the map. The sync capability is what enables offline editing for a layer.

3. On the web map details page, under Layers, click Lusaka Enumeration Areas.

   

   The layer's details page appears in a new browser tab.

4. On the ribbon of the Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name) details page, click Settings.

   

5. On the Settings tab, scroll down to the Feature Layer (hosted) section. Under Editing, check Enable Sync.

   

6. Click Save.

   Note:

   If you had multiple feature layers in your map, you would have to enable sync for all of them.

7. Close the Lusaka Enumeration Areas (Your Name) browser tab and return to the Enumeration Areas for Zambia Census browser tab.
8. Refresh the page.

   Tip:

   Press the F5 key to refresh a browser page.

9. On the ribbon, click Settings.

   Now that you've enabled sync for all feature layers in the map, an Offline section is added to the web map settings.

10. Scroll down to the Offline section. Turn on Enable offline mode.

    

11. Click Save.

    Your map is now available for offline use.

Create offline map areas

You'll divide the map into smaller areas so that your mobile workers can download only the relevant areas, reducing data and memory usage on their devices. Doing so is best practice, especially when performing a census that covers an entire country.

1. In the Offline section, click Manage Offline Areas.

   

   The Manage Offline Areas window appears, showing your map. You can make many offline areas, but for the purpose of this tutorial, you'll only make one. It'll capture the Sunningdale district immediately south of Lusaka City Airport.

2. In the map search bar, type Lusaka City Airport. In the list of search results, click Lusaka City Airport, Haile Selassie Ave, Sunningdale, Lusaka, ZMB.

   

   The map navigates to the airport.

3. Close the Search result pop-up. If necessary, pan the map to center it on Sunningdale, south of the airport and east of the Lusaka Golf Club.

   

4. In the Offline map areas pane, click Create offline area.

   Sketch tools appear that you can use to draw the area. You'll draw a simple rectangular area.

5. Click the Sketch rectangular map area button.

   

   Your cursor changes, indicating you can use it to sketch an area on the map.

6. Draw a rectangle around the Sunningdale district.

   

7. In the Create offline area pane, for Name, delete the existing text and type Lusaka Sunningdale North.
8. Expand Level of detail. Adjust the level of detail to that it ranges from City to Building level.

   

9. Click Save.

   The offline map area is packaged. The packaging process takes a couple of minutes. When it finishes, the Lusaka Sunningdale North area is listed in the Offline map areas pane.

   

   You can create more offline areas, but for the purposes of this tutorial, you'll only create one.

10. On the ribbon, click the close button to close the Manage Offline Areas window.

    You return to the Settings tab of the web map's details page. In the Offline Map Areas section, text appears showing the number of offline areas (1).

    

You've created an offline map showing current enumeration area boundaries. Mobile workers will be able to download the map while they have internet access and then view and edit it while in the field. Later in the tutorial, you'll learn how to download the map to a mobile device.

Create a pre-enumeration survey

Now that you've created a map showing enumeration areas, you'll create the pre-enumeration survey. Then, you'll link the map and the survey so mobile workers can validate, edit, and create enumeration areas in the field.

Note:

This tutorial assumes the survey will be used in the field, and the survey is optimized for use on a tablet device. If you have building footprints and want to create enumeration areas from the office, an alternate method is to use the Territory Design tools in ArcGIS Pro.

Create a survey

First, you'll create the survey in ArcGIS Survey123 Connect. In a real-world workflow, you would probably create this survey yourself. For the purposes of this tutorial, you'll use a template survey that has already been created for you. This survey will capture attribute information, such as each enumeration area's province and unique identifier code (like the codes you used to create labels on the map).

Note:

To learn more about creating surveys, try the tutorial Convert a paper census form to a digital survey.

1. Open ArcGIS Survey123 Connect.

   Note:

   If you don't have ArcGIS Survey123 Connect, you can download it from the Survey123 downloads page. Under Get Survey123 Connect, download the installer for the appropriate operating system. Run the installer and follow its steps to install the program.

   This tutorial uses functionality introduced in version 3.13 of Survey123 Connect. You can check your version by clicking the settings button and choosing About. If you don't have version 3.13 or later, you may want to install the latest version.

   Next, you'll sign in.

2. On the ribbon, click the settings button.

   

3. Click Sign in.

   

4. Sign in to your ArcGIS organizational account (the same one you used when you made the map).

   Now that you're signed in, you'll create a survey using a template already configured for use in this tutorial.

5. Click New survey.

   

   The New Survey window appears. You'll name your survey and choose the initial design of the survey's XLSForm. An XLSForm is a type of form standard that simplifies the creation of forms, such as Survey123 surveys, in Microsoft Excel.

   You have the option to choose an XLSForm design from several locations. You'll use a design from the list of available templates.

6. For Title, type Zambia pre-enumeration survey and add your name or initials to ensure the title is unique within your organization.

   

7. For Create a new survey form, choose Templates.

   

8. In the search bar, type Zambia Pre-Enumeration Census. If necessary, click Zambia Pre-Enumeration Census to select it.

   

   This template will create a survey that you can use for mapping and updating enumeration areas.

9. Click Create survey.

   The survey is created based on the template you chose. A preview is displayed in Survey123 Connect.

Modify and preview the survey

Before you check out the preview, you'll modify the XLSForm.

1. If the XLSForm did not open automatically in Microsoft Excel, click XLSForm.

   

   The XLSForm opens in Microsoft Excel. It contains a large number of survey questions, but you won't make many changes. Line 5 contains information for mobile workers to contact the main office if they encounter a problem. The template uses a placeholder phone number and email, but you can replace it with your own information.

2. Optionally, in line 5, column C, click the cell and modify the placeholder contact information to use your organization's contact information.
3. Save the XLSForm in Microsoft Excel. Close the XLSForm and return to Survey123 Connect.

   When you save the XLSForm, the Survey123 Connect preview automatically updates. The contact information appears at the top of the preview. (In the example image, the placeholder information is still used.)

   

   The first page of the survey is for collecting basic information about an enumeration area. Mobile workers can choose from a specific list of Zambia's provinces, districts, constituencies, and wards to identify the enumeration area's location. Then, they input some basic information about the enumeration area, such as its code and type.

   The Principal mobile worker field is automatically populated with the mobile worker's username. Recording the mobile worker helps improves data integrity and means the original worker can be identified if there are issues. If a mobile worker is working with another staff member, they can enter their name in the Assisted by field.

4. At the bottom of the preview, click the arrow to go to the next page of the survey.

   

   The second page is for buildings, households, and residents in the enumeration area. Mobile workers can place a pushpin on a map to show a building's location, attach a photograph of the building, and input the building's address, number of households, and number of residents.

   Mobile workers can repeat the process for every building in the enumeration area. The bottom of the page tracks the number of households and residents in the enumeration area.

5. Click the arrow to go to the next page of the survey.

   The final page is for drawing the boundary of the enumeration area. This process is done with a map. Mobile workers can also describe the enumeration area boundaries and add comments if necessary.

   The maps used on the second and third pages are default maps. Later, you'll link the survey to the web map of Zambia enumeration areas you created. First, you'll enable the inbox for the survey.

   The inbox feature of Survey123 streamlines widespread data collection efforts by allowing you to assign groups of features to mobile workers. The inbox feature also allows these mobile workers to access any data already associated with their assignments, such as zoning information or forms from previous censuses.

   Note:

   To learn more about the inbox feature of Survey123, try the tutorial Enable an inbox for a census survey.

6. At the bottom of the Survey123 Connect window, click Options.

   

7. For Inbox, turn on Enable Inbox. Turn on Allow inbox surveys to be viewed.

   

   A warning appears above the Inbox section. The warning appeared because both the inbox and the sent box are enabled at the same time (the sent box, which saves submitted surveys on the user's device, is enabled by default). When both are enabled for a survey, refreshing the inbox does not download responses currently in the sent box. Therefore, it's recommended that you do not enable both when you intend for multiple users to continually edit and update existing responses, like your mobile workers will.

8. Turn off Enable Sent folder.

   

   The warning disappears. Another warning is shown, indicating that because the inbox is enabled, read access will be enabled as well. You can ignore this warning.

Link your map to the survey

Now, you'll link the web map you created of Zambia enumeration areas to your survey. That way, when mobile workers answer the survey form questions that use a map, your map will appear instead of a default map. Mobile workers will then be able to modify existing enumeration areas and make new ones that take into account Zambia's administrative divisions. The changes mobile workers make in the survey will also automatically take effect on the map.

To link map content to a survey, you must first publish the survey. Publishing a survey creates a hosted feature service in your ArcGIS organizational account. This feature service is where data collected by the survey is stored. Publishing also creates an online form so users can access your survey.

1. In Survey123 Connect, click Publish.

   

   A window appears, warning you that once a survey is published, further changes to the survey design may result in data loss. You won't collect any data right away, so you don't need to worry about this warning.

2. Click Publish survey.

   Publishing takes a few moments.

3. When publishing is complete, click OK.

   You return to the Survey123 Connect preview. Now, you're able to link your map.

4. At the bottom of the Survey123 Connect window, click Linked Content.

   

   There is already a web map linked to your survey. This web map, which is owned by you, has the same name as your survey and was created when you published the survey. It contains the hosted feature class that holds your survey data.

   This map is a default map that doesn't contain information about existing enumeration areas in Zambia, so you'll link the map you created earlier that does.

5. Click Link content.

   

   You can choose to link an online map, a map package, or a CSV file. You'll link the web map that you created.

6. Click Online map.

   

   The Link Online Map window appears. It displays the maps that have been shared with you in your organization. Depending on the size of your organization, you may see a large number of maps.

7. Search for Enumeration Areas for Zambia Census and click the web map you created.

   Tip:

   If there are multiple maps with that title in your organization, choose the one that is owned by you.

   

8. Once your web map is selected, click OK.

   The web map is added to the list of linked content. Mobile workers will be able to use the web map when they fill out the survey, or download the offline map area you created so they can work offline.

   To make the new linked map available for people who use your survey, you'll need to publish the survey again.

9. Click Publish. In the publish window, click Publish survey.
10. When publishing is completed, click OK.

Change map settings

Now that you've linked your map to your survey, you'll adjust the map settings so the default extent of the map is centered on Lusaka.

First, you'll refresh the survey in case any of your changes haven't been included in the survey or map previews.

1. In Survey123 Connect, click Update.

   

   The survey preview is refreshed.

2. Click the Map tab.

   

   There are settings for a preview map and a detailed map. The detailed map is what mobile workers will use. You can set its default zoom level and extent. You'll also change how coordinates are displayed on the map.

3. For Detailed map, change the following settings:
   • Change Zoom level to 16.
   • For Latitude, type -15.415.
   • For Longitude, type 28.330.
   • For Coordinate format, choose Decimal Degrees.

   

   The map zooms to Lusaka, just above the Lusaka golf course and the Sunningdale area where you created the offline map area.

   You'll change the zoom level and coordinate format on the preview map to match the detailed map.

4. For Preview map, for Zoom level, choose 16. For Coordinate format, choose Decimal Degrees.

   Next, you'll change the basemap to use the web map of enumeration areas you created.

5. For Detailed map, on the map, click the basemap button.

   

   The list of basemaps appears. Your linked maps appear among the list.

6. In the Select a basemap window, click Enumeration Areas for Zambia Census.

   Note:

   If you do not see your map among the basemap options, you may need to change your Survey123 settings. On the ribbon, click your account initials and choose Settings. In the Survey123 Connect Settings window, click the Map tab. For Map types, ensure that Standard is chosen and click OK.

   

   The map updates. It now includes the enumeration area features you added to the web map.

   

   You'll confirm your changes appear in the survey preview.

7. Click the Form tab. Click the arrows at the bottom of the survey preview to go to page 2 of 3.

   If you have location services enabled on your device, the map may be centered on your current location instead of Lusaka. Location services automatically adjust map extents to match where you are. You'll navigate to the map's default extent to confirm it's the one you set.

8. For the Location of the buildings question, click the map.
9. On the map, click the home button.

   

   The map navigates to just above the Sunningdale area of Lusaka, near the airport and the golf course. The enumeration area boundaries and labels appear.

   You've configured the survey map correctly. You'll publish the changes.

10. Click Publish and click Publish survey. When publishing is completed, click OK.

    Your survey is finished. All you need to do now is share it so members of your organization can use and contribute to it.

11. Click the More actions button.

    

12. In the More Actions window, click Manage in Survey123 website.

    A new browser tab opens to the Overview page of your survey. By default, the survey is private (not shared).

13. Confirm that you are signed in to your ArcGIS organizational account.
14. On the ribbon, click Collaborate.

    

15. For Who can submit to this survey, choose Members of my organization.
16. Click Save.

    A warning may appear, explaining that you have chosen to allow members of your organization to update and access survey responses. This warning isn't a problem, because you want your organization to use your survey.

17. If necessary, in the warning window, click Save.

You've created and shared a census pre-enumeration survey with a linked map showing enumeration areas in Lusaka, Zambia. Now, it's time to test your survey.

Capture sample data

Your survey is finished and published. You'll test it on a mobile device by capturing information for a new enumeration area.

For the purposes of this tutorial, imagine that the Sunningdale area south of the Lusaka City Airport has had a large number of new dwellings built over the past few years. Its enumeration area is now far more populous and needs to be split into new enumeration areas. You'll gather data on buildings, households, and residents in the area and draw a polygon to define the new enumeration area.

Download the survey

First, you'll install the ArcGIS Survey123 field app on your mobile device. Then, you'll download the published survey and the offline map area you created.

1. Depending on your mobile device platform, download and install the free Survey123 field app from the appropriate app store.
   • For iOS devices, you can get the app from the App Store.
   • For Android devices, you can get the app from Google Play.
   • For Windows devices, you can get the app from Microsoft Store.
   • The Windows 7, 8, and 10 and Mac versions of the Survey123 field app are available from the Survey123 downloads page.

   Note:

   Depending on which version of the app you use, your experiences may differ slightly from step instructions and example images.

2. Open the app. Sign in using your ArcGIS organizational account.

   The survey gallery appears. If you've used the app before, there may already be surveys listed. To take a survey, you must first download it.

3. On the ribbon, click the button showing your account name's initials.

   

4. Click Download Surveys.

   

   The Download Surveys page appears. It lists all surveys that have been shared to your organization.

5. In the search bar, type Zambia pre-enumeration survey. If necessary, add your name or initials to narrow the search.
6. Next to your pre-enumeration survey, click the download button.

   

   After a few moments, the survey is downloaded to your device.

7. When the download is finished, click the back button.

   

   The pre-enumeration survey now appears in your list of surveys.

8. In the list of surveys, click Zambia pre-enumeration survey.

   The survey's overview page appears. It includes a description of the survey, its owner, and when it was created and last modified.

   The survey you've downloaded is the online version of the survey. But if your mobile worker will be traveling somewhere with limited or no internet access, they'll need to be able to work offline. To allow them to do so, you'll also download the offline map area of the Sunningdale region you created previously.

9. On the ribbon, click the menu button.

   

10. Click Offline Maps.

    

    A list of offline map areas associated with the survey is displayed. This survey only has one offline map: Lusaka Sunningdale North.

11. For Lusaka Sunningdale North, click the download button.

    After a few moments, the offline map area is downloaded. It is accessible via the basemaps button in any map menu when you use your survey.

12. Click the back button to return to the survey overview page.

Collect enumeration area information

The size of an enumeration area is typically defined by the number of households a single mobile worker can visit and interview during the census enumeration period, taking into account population size and surface area. The number of households in an enumeration area may vary based on whether the area is urban, suburban, or rural. Enumeration areas with denser housing will likely be smaller than enumeration areas where housing is more spread out.

Enumeration areas also take into consideration the following critical design criteria:

• Enumeration areas must cover the entire country, with no gaps or overlap.
• Enumeration areas must fit within the administrative hierarchy and be as consistent as possible with other relevant geographic units, such as states, provinces, districts, and so on.
• Enumeration areas should have observable and easily identifiable boundaries on the ground so that mobile workers can locate the boundaries of the area for which they are responsible. Physical features such as rivers or roads are useful boundaries.

Next, you'll take your pre-enumeration survey to assess, validate, and edit an existing enumeration area based on recent changes in housing and population. You'll determine whether the area's size is still appropriate based on the amount of housing it contains and, if necessary, edit the area to better adhere to enumeration area design criteria.

1. On the overview page of your Zambia pre-enumeration survey, click Collect.

   

   The survey appears. It has the same fields you saw in the ArcGIS Survey123 Connect preview. The first page of the survey is for basic administrative details about the enumeration area. You'll fill in the information for an existing enumeration area in the Sunningdale area, which is in the Kalingalinga ward of the Lusaka district.

2. On the first page of the survey, enter the following information:
   • For Province, choose Lusaka.
   • For District name, choose Lusaka.
   • For Constituency name, choose Lusaka 81.
   • For Ward name, choose Kalingalinga.

   

   When you enter the information, the survey displays the unique code associated with each administrative unit. In Zambia, enumeration areas have a unique 13-digit code. The first four digits identify the province and district, the next three identify the constituency, and the next two identify the ward.

   Based on the codes displayed in the survey, the first nine digits of your enumeration area's code are 050408131. This string of digits is also displayed in the EA unique code field. All enumeration areas in the Kalingalinga district begin with this string. The last four digits of the enumeration area's code are unique to each enumeration area.

   For this scenario, you'll assume that your mobile workers already know the unique code of the enumeration area to which they're assigned.

3. For EA identifier, type 0086.

   

   The EA unique code field populates with the full 13-digit string: 0504081310086.

   You're reviewing and potentially editing an existing enumeration area in an urban area. You'll fill out the rest of the first page accordingly.

4. For Is this a new EA, choose No. For What type of EA is this, choose Urban.

   

   When you choose Urban, a message appears stating that an urban enumeration area must contain at least 90 households.

5. Click the arrow to go to the second page of the survey.

   The second page is for capturing the number of buildings, households, and residents in the enumeration area. This part of the survey can be a slow task, as in a real-world workflow in which the mobile worker would be going to each household individually and interviewing residents for the information. The page displays the enumeration code at the top so mobile workers can confirm they're working in the correct enumeration area each time they return to this page.

6. For Location of the buildings, tap or click the map.

   The map expands to take up most of the screen. If you have location services enabled, the map may show your location instead of Lusaka.

7. On the map, click the home button.

   The map navigates to Sunningdale. By default, it displays your custom basemap with existing enumeration areas in pink.

   Note:

   If the map is not displaying your enumeration areas map by default, you can click the basemap button and choose it as the basemap.

   The center of the map contains a blue pin. You'll move this pin to mark the location of the building you're adding.

8. Pan and zoom the map until the pin is located on the building in the northwest corner of Sunningdale, next to the golf course and the airport.

   

   The basemap helps mobile workers identify both the enumeration area they're working in and the location of the building. For mobile workers actually on the ground in Lusaka, enabling location services will cause the map to automatically be centered on their location, allowing them to set the building location quickly.

9. Under the map, click the check mark.

   

   The building's location is confirmed and you return to the second page of the survey.

   Optionally, you can attach a photograph of the building to help future mobile workers identify it. This option is helpful for temporary structures or in situations where street addresses are imprecise or unreliable. If your mobile device has a camera, you can tap the camera button to take a picture using it. Alternatively, you can click the file button to upload a picture.

   Next, you'll add the building's address. The address can be a street address or descriptive text that helps identify the building if no address exists.

10. For Building address description, type 47 Mwinilunga Road.

    Note:

    The information you're entering is fictitious and not indicative of the real building address, number of households, or number of residents.

    

    Next, you'll add the number of separate households living within the building. For a single-family dwelling, this number will be 1. For an apartment block, it might be the number of separate apartments. For this scenario, assume that the building you chose is an apartment block with 45 households.

    Tip:

    You can enter a building with no households by leaving the number of households at 0. This way, you can mark nonresidential buildings that may be useful for identifying the boundaries of an enumeration area.

11. For Number of households, type 45.

    You'll also add the number of residents, which includes everyone, even infants. Normally, the mobile worker would interview residents to determine this number. For this tutorial, assume there are 258 residents in the building.

12. For Number of residents, type 258.

    

    Note:

    The survey template you used to create this survey does not separate residents by gender, but it can be customized to do so.

    You've entered all the information for this building.

13. Near the bottom of the page, click the add button.

    

    A new, empty form is created so you can collect another building. An urban enumeration area is supposed to have at least 90 households, so you'll need to collect more buildings.

14. For Location of the buildings, tap or click the map. On the map, click the home button.

    On the map, the building you recorded appears as a yellow point with the label 001.

    

    As you record buildings, they will be added to the map, making it easier for mobile workers to track their progress through the enumeration area. The labels increase in number for each building, so the second building will be 002, the third will be 003, and so on.

    In the Sunningdale area, most homes are single-family, so you would expect the mobile worker to collect around 90 buildings in this part of the survey. For the purposes of this tutorial, you'll only collect three.

15. Pan and zoom the map to place the blue pin on the building north of Mwinilunga Road labeled 16. (You may need to zoom in to see the label.)

    

16. Under the map, click the check mark. In the survey, enter the following information:
    • For Building address description, type 49 Mwinilunga Road.
    • For Number of households, type 15.
    • For Number of residents, type 79.
17. Click the add button to add another building.
18. For Location of the buildings, tap or click the map and click the home button. Center the pin on the small square building south of the airport and northwest of the bend in Kudu Road.

    

19. Click the check mark. In the survey, enter the following information:
    • For Building address description, type 51 Mwinilunga Road.
    • For Number of households, type 32.
    • For Number of residents, type 158.

    At the bottom of the survey, the total numbers of households and residents in the enumeration area are displayed.

    

    The total number of households is 92, which is about the 90 households threshold for urban enumeration areas. A message under the totals tells you that you are able to proceed to the next part of the survey.

Draw enumeration area boundaries

Now that you've collected information about buildings and households in the enumeration area, you'll draw the enumeration area's boundaries.

1. At the bottom of the survey, click the arrow to go to the third page of the survey.
2. For Draw the boundary of EA 0504081310086, click the map button. On the map, click the home button.

   Your building points and the existing enumeration area boundaries are visible.

   

   The existing boundaries of enumeration area 0504081310086 not only include this neighborhood of Sunningdale but also extend to include the airport, the golf course, and some surrounding areas. While the airport and the golf course have no residential buildings and don't add to the total number of residences in the enumeration area, some of the areas west of the airport do. With those residences included, the total number will significantly surpass 90.

   You'll draw new enumeration area boundaries to include only the neighborhood of Sunningdale where you collected the three buildings. This way, the enumeration area contains only around 90 buildings, the recommended amount for an urban enumeration area.

3. Under the map, click the polygon button.

   

4. On the map, click the intersection of the golf course and airport boundaries, near building 001.

   

   A vertex point is added at the location you clicked.

   Note:

   The boundaries you draw will not snap to boundaries on the basemap, including the enumeration area boundaries, because the basemap geometry is not accessible from within Survey123.

5. Click around the map to sketch a polygon that covers the area between the golf course, the airport, and Mwinilunga Road. (The sketch does not need to be perfect.)

   

6. If you need to navigate the map while adding vertex points (for instance, to zoom in or pan), click the explore button.

   

   The map can now be panned and zoomed without adding new vertex points.

7. If you finish navigating and want to add more vertex points, click the polygon button.
8. If you want to add a vertex point at your current location, click the current location vertex button. (It's not recommended to click this button unless you're currently in Lusaka.)

   

9. If you make a mistake when adding a polygon vertex, click the undo button to remove it.

   

10. When you're satisfied with your sketch of the enumeration area boundaries, click the check mark.

    

    The boundaries are confirmed on the map.

11. Under the map, click the check mark.

    You return to the third page of the survey, with a map showing your new enumeration area boundaries.

Finish and send the survey

You'll fill in some information about the boundaries, such as its description. Then, the survey will be complete.

The description should describe the enumeration area in a clockwise direction from a nominated starting point. It should be able to be understood by a person who is not looking at a map.

1. For EA Boundary Description, type the following text:

   Begin at the intersection of Nyiamba Road and Busuma Road. Walk north along the edge of the golf course until you reach the airport. Turn east and walk until you reach the bend where Chila Road meets Kudu Road. Walk south along Chila Road until you reach its intersection with Mwinilunga Road. Follow Mwinilunga Road west until it becomes Busuma Road. Follow Busuma Road south until you reach the starting point.

2. For I confirm that all households and buildings have been captured for this EA, choose Complete.

   

   Mobile workers can submit a survey marked as incomplete if they are not finished collecting residence information and need to return to the survey later. Surveys are labeled as either complete or incomplete in your inbox, so you can tell which surveys you need to return to later. When you choose Complete, text appears with your username and the current date and time, helping you track the progress of the survey.

   You can also optionally add comments. For incomplete surveys, mobile workers can include a short description of what they still need to do. For complete surveys, mobile workers can explain why the enumeration area was created or other information.

   Last, the Verification status field is set to Unverified. After the survey is submitted, office staff can use this field to indicate that they have verified the changes. If office staff change this field to Returned for field checking, the survey's status automatically becomes incomplete, so mobile workers can see that action is required.

3. At the bottom of the survey, click the check mark.

   A window appears, informing you that the survey is completed. If your device is online, you can send your survey now, continue the survey, or save the survey in your outbox to send later. If your device is offline, you can save the survey in your outbox and send it when you go online again.

4. Click Send now.

   

   After a few moments, your survey is sent. Your survey responses appear in the feature class associated with the survey. Later, you'll learn how to view and update survey records that have been sent.

   Before you finish, you'll check your inbox to confirm your survey response's status.

5. On the Zambia pre-enumeration survey overview page, click Inbox.

   

   The inbox appears. You enabled the inbox when you configured the survey. Currently, the inbox is empty; it needs to be refreshed.

6. Click Refresh.

   

   The inbox is refreshed and your survey response appears. The survey response is named using the enumeration area code and its status is displayed.

   

   Mobile workers can use the inbox to check if office staff has verified their surveys or if they have been marked incomplete and need to be revisited.

7. Click Map.

   

   A map appears, showing the enumeration area you drew, although the buildings are not visible. If you draw and send multiple enumeration areas, they will all appear on this map.

8. Close Survey123.

You've completed a survey in which you collected household information and drew the boundaries of a new enumeration area. Next, you'll review your survey online and make changes as needed.

Review and update a record

Conducting a pre-enumeration survey is a team effort. While mobile workers gather data on the ground, a team in a head office can check and validate their survey responses. To simulate the work of the head office, you'll review the results of your survey on the Survey123 website.

Review a record

When mobile workers send their survey responses, the data is stored in a feature service that was created when you published your survey. This feature service is hosted on ArcGIS Online and you can access it using your ArcGIS account.

1. Go to the Survey123 website.
2. Click Sign In. If necessary, sign in using your ArcGIS organizational account (the same one you used to create the map and publish the survey).

   When you sign in, you go to the My Surveys page, which lists all surveys shared with your organization. You can filter this list to show only surveys you own, but your pre-enumeration survey is probably listed at or near the top.

3. In the list of surveys, click the thumbnail for your Zambia pre-enumeration survey.

   

   You go to the survey's Overview page. You briefly saw this page previously when you allowed users in your organization to submit to the survey. The page has changed, as it now shows information about the survey record you just submitted.

   

   You can use this page to get a general idea of when submissions occur.

4. On the ribbon, click the Data tab.

   

   This tab shows the actual information from submitted survey records. It contains a map with the enumeration area you drew and the building points you captured. Under the map, there's a table with the answers you gave to each of the survey questions.

   

   There's only one survey response now, but as more are sent in, they will be added to this page. You can sort the table by each record to compare responses.

   The table has two tabs. The default tab shows the survey responses, while the Buildings tab shows information about buildings. It includes the building ID, address, number of households, and number of residents.

   In this scenario, assume that the head office is reviewing the information that has been submitted and is unhappy with the northeast corner of the enumeration area that the mobile worker has mapped. You'll return this record for field checking so that the mobile worker can make the necessary changes.

5. Scroll through the table until you reach the Verification status field. Double-click Unverified and choose Returned for field checking.

   

   The table cell is updated with the value you chose. You'll edit the Further details field to explain what needs to be changed.

6. For Further details, double-click the empty cell, type Please update northeast corner to include buildings north of Kudu Road, and press Enter.

   The text is added to the cell.

   

7. For Verified by, double-click the empty cell and type your name or initials and press Enter.

   Your edits are added to the survey response. The changes are now visible in the inbox of the mobile workers using the pre-enumeration survey. The survey's title is updated to indicate it has been returned for field checking, so they will know further work is required.

Update the record in the field

Now that the head office has checked the survey response and returned it for field checking, you'll access the changes using the inbox in the Survey123 field app and make the requested updates.

1. On your mobile device, open the Survey123 field app. If necessary, sign in to your ArcGIS organizational account.
2. In the list of surveys, click your Zambia pre-enumeration survey.

   On the survey overview, the Inbox option has the number 1, indicating that there is a response in the inbox that needs attention.

   

3. Click Inbox.

   The inbox includes your survey response, but it still says unverified instead of returned. You need to refresh the survey.

4. Click the Refresh button.

   The inbox is refreshed and the response now says returned.

   

   If the head office made their changes on a different date than the survey was submitted, the date listed under the survey response will reflect that date.

5. Click the returned survey response. In the Inbox Survey window, click Edit.

   

   You can now edit the survey response.

6. At the bottom of the survey, click the arrow twice to go to the third page of the survey.

   The bottom of the third page of the survey shows the updated verification status and the request from the head office.

   

   You'll respond to this request by editing the enumeration area boundary.

7. At the top of the third page of the survey, under Draw the boundary of EA 0504081310086, click the map.
8. At the bottom of the map, click the edit vertex button.

   

   The vertices of the enumeration area become editable.

9. Move the vertices and, if necessary, draw new vertices so that the enumeration area includes the cluster of buildings north of Kudu Road.

   

10. When satisfied with the revised boundaries, click the check mark to finish editing vertices. Click the check mark again to confirm the boundaries and return to the survey.
11. For EA Boundary Description, replace the sentence Turn east and walk until you reach the bend where Chila Road meets Kudu Road with the following text:

    Turn east and walk until you reach the end of the cluster of houses north of Kudu Road. Walk south to Kudu Road and follow it until it turns into Chila Road.

12. For Verification status, choose Unverified.
13. At the bottom of the survey, click the check mark. In the Survey Completed window, click Send now.

    The updated survey response is sent for the head office to review and verify.

Congratulations—you've created a pre-enumeration survey for reviewing, validating, and editing enumeration areas prior to a national census. First, you created a map showing enumeration areas. Then, you created a survey from a template and linked it to your map. You tested your survey on a mobile device and reviewed the results on the Survey123 website. You also made use of the inbox feature to simulate the communication between mobile workers and office staff.

Each country has different requirements for a pre-enumeration survey. The sample survey you created provides a framework that can be customized for your own needs. If possible, gather sample data under conditions as close as possible to those under which your mobile workers will operate. Consider issues such as network connectivity, type of device, battery life, available memory, local climate and terrain, personal safety, and transport access. Understanding these issues will help you identify how to best adapt the sample survey for your country.

You can find more tutorials in the tutorial gallery.

Acknowledgements

• Zambia Data: Copyright © 2020 GRID3; grid3.org. Data is shared via Creative Commons license Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).